Chemically synthesized fuels designed to mimic the chemical and physical properties of fossil fuels. They are typically produced from renewable or non-fossil feedstocks, such as biomass, water, and carbon dioxide, through chemical processes that convert these feedstocks into fuel. Synthetic fuels are aimed at reducing reliance on traditional fossil fuels and are targeted at industries and consumers seeking sustainable energy alternatives.

Materials used in the production, storage, and conversion of energy, essential for various applications such as batteries, fuel cells, and solar cells. These materials include lithium, cobalt, nickel, silicon, platinum, and graphene, among others, each playing a critical role in enhancing the efficiency and sustainability of energy technologies. Energy materials are vital for industries focused on renewable energy, electric vehicles, and advanced energy storage solutions.

A self-sustaining ecosystem designed to mimic natural environments, incorporating animals and various microorganisms. This setup often includes live plants, beneficial bacteria, fungi, and invertebrates like isopods and springtails, which help break down waste and recycle nutrients, maintaining a balanced and healthy habitat. Bioactive terrariums are particularly beneficial for reptile and amphibian enthusiasts who seek to create a more natural and low-maintenance environment for their pets.

A chemical element with the symbol Rb and atomic number 37, part of the alkali metal group. It is a soft, silvery-white metallic element that is highly reactive, especially with water, and must be stored under specific conditions to prevent reactions with air. Rubidium is used in atomic clocks, research and development in electronics and materials science, and the production of special glasses, benefiting scientists and industries requiring precise timekeeping and advanced materials.

A multifunctional protein that is part of the transferrin family, known for its ability to bind and transport iron. Found in various secretory fluids and in the secondary granules of neutrophils, lactoferrin has several biological roles including antimicrobial activity, regulation of iron absorption, and modulation of the immune response. It is particularly beneficial for individuals seeking to enhance their immune function, regulate iron levels, and potentially reduce inflammation.

Hexylresorcinol is an organic compound commonly used as an antiseptic and anesthetic. It is frequently included in throat lozenges and skincare products due to its antibacterial and antifungal properties, and it is also known for its skin-lightening effects in cosmetic formulations. The primary users of hexylresorcinol are individuals seeking relief from throat discomfort, as well as those looking for skincare solutions with antibacterial and skin-brightening benefits.

Fundamental entities in physics that carry an electric charge, which can be either positive or negative. These particles, such as electrons and protons, interact with electric and magnetic fields, playing a crucial role in the laws of electromagnetism. Charged particles are essential in various scientific and technological applications, including electronics, particle accelerators, and plasma physics.

Process that converts plastic waste into valuable chemicals and fuels by breaking down plastics at the molecular level. Chemical recycling includes methods such as pyrolysis, gasification, and depolymerization, which can handle a wider range of plastic waste and produce higher-quality recycled materials compared to mechanical recycling, though it is often more energy-intensive and expensive. This process is particularly beneficial for industries and organizations focused on sustainable waste management and reducing plastic pollution.

Technology aimed at reducing greenhouse gas emissions by capturing carbon dioxide (CO2) from sources like power plants and industrial processes, and then transporting it to a storage site where it is injected into underground geological formations for long-term storage. This process helps mitigate the impact of CO2 emissions on climate change and is considered crucial for achieving significant reductions in CO2 emissions, especially in sectors that are difficult to decarbonize through other means. The primary beneficiaries of this technology are industries with high CO2 emissions and policymakers focused on climate change mitigation.

Insects belonging to the order Hemiptera, characterized by their piercing-sucking mouthparts and hemelytra. True bugs undergo incomplete metamorphosis and inhabit various environments, serving roles as herbivores, predators, or parasites. They are of interest to entomologists and ecologists due to their diverse ecological roles and impact on agriculture.

Seeds specifically adapted to the local climate and soil conditions of a particular region. These seeds are often heirloom or native varieties that have been cultivated over time to thrive in specific environmental conditions, offering resilience and good yields. Local seeds are ideal for gardeners and farmers seeking plants well-suited to their region, supporting biodiversity, and promoting sustainable agricultural practices.

The term stands for 'Assigned Male At Birth.' It is used in discussions about gender identity to describe someone who was designated as male when they were born, based on their physical anatomy. This term is often used in contrast to 'AFAB' (Assigned Female At Birth) and is relevant to individuals exploring or identifying their gender beyond the binary classification.

Technique that captures and processes information across the electromagnetic spectrum, beyond the visible range. Hyperspectral imaging captures images in numerous spectral bands, allowing for the identification of materials, detection of processes, and analysis of properties not visible to the naked eye. It is widely used in fields such as agriculture, mineralogy, surveillance, and environmental monitoring, benefiting researchers and professionals in these areas.

Energy storage involves capturing energy produced at one time for use at a later time, playing a crucial role in balancing supply and demand, integrating renewable energy sources, and improving the reliability and efficiency of the power grid. Key technologies in this field include batteries, pumped hydro storage, compressed air energy storage, flywheels, thermal energy storage, and hydrogen storage, each offering unique benefits and applications. Energy storage solutions are particularly valuable for utility companies, renewable energy providers, and industries seeking to enhance energy efficiency and grid stability.

The microbiome refers to the collection of all microorganisms, including bacteria, fungi, viruses, and their genes, that inhabit a particular environment. In humans, the microbiome is often discussed in the context of the gut, where it plays a crucial role in digestion, immune function, and overall health. This complex and dynamic ecosystem can be influenced by diet, lifestyle, and other factors, benefiting individuals seeking to improve their health and well-being.

Visual time zone converter tool that allows users to easily find the exact time difference between various locations around the world. It simplifies the process of scheduling meetings and coordinating with contacts in different time zones by providing an intuitive interface. This tool is particularly beneficial for professionals and teams working in global or remote settings who need to manage time differences efficiently.

Vitamin K-dependent plasma glycoprotein that plays a crucial role in the regulation of blood coagulation. It acts as a cofactor to activated protein C in the degradation of clotting factors Va and VIIIa, helping to prevent excessive clot formation. Protein S is essential for individuals with a risk of developing blood clots, and its deficiency can lead to conditions such as deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism.

A free and open-source geographic information system (GIS) application that supports viewing, editing, and analysis of geospatial data. It is widely used for mapping and spatial analysis in various fields such as urban planning, environmental science, and resource management, and is distinguished by its cross-platform compatibility and extensibility through plugins. QGIS primarily benefits professionals and researchers in geospatial fields who require robust tools for spatial data management and analysis.

Startups and companies founded on scientific discoveries or engineering innovations. These technologies often require significant research and development and have the potential to create substantial societal impact, encompassing fields such as artificial intelligence, biotechnology, quantum computing, and advanced materials. Deep tech primarily targets industries and sectors looking to solve complex problems and create new markets through groundbreaking advancements.

Molecular machines, also known as nanomachines, are molecular components that produce quasi-mechanical movements in response to specific stimuli. These machines operate at the molecular scale and can perform tasks such as transporting molecules, catalyzing reactions, or assembling other molecules, with applications in fields like medicine and materials science. The primary beneficiaries of molecular machines are researchers and professionals in nanotechnology, biotechnology, and related scientific disciplines.

Worst-case complexity refers to the maximum amount of time or space an algorithm can take to complete, given the worst possible input of a given size. It provides an upper bound on the resources required, ensuring that the algorithm will not exceed this limit regardless of the specific input. This concept is crucial for computer scientists and software engineers who need to guarantee performance and resource usage in the most demanding scenarios.

State-of-the-art object detection model that combines the strengths of both explicit and implicit knowledge. Designed to be highly efficient and accurate, leveraging advanced techniques in deep learning to achieve superior performance in tasks such as object detection and image classification. Primarily benefits researchers and developers in the field of computer vision and artificial intelligence.

A temporary disturbance of the Earth's magnetosphere caused by a solar wind shock wave or cloud of magnetic field interacting with the Earth's magnetic field. These storms can disrupt communication systems, navigation systems, and power grids, often associated with solar flares and coronal mass ejections (CMEs) from the Sun. Geomagnetic storms primarily affect satellite operators, aviation industries, and power grid managers who need to mitigate the impacts on their systems.

Blautia is a genus of anaerobic, gram-positive bacteria found in the human gut microbiota. This genus plays a significant role in maintaining gut health by producing short-chain fatty acids, which are essential for colon health and energy metabolism. Blautia is of particular interest to microbiologists and healthcare professionals studying the human microbiome and its impact on health and disease.

A biotechnology company specializing in the cultivation and harvesting of mycelium, a type of mushroom root. The company leverages mycelium as a versatile ingredient to create sustainable and planet-friendly meals, differentiating itself by focusing on eco-friendly food production. The primary target demographic includes the food industry and environmentally conscious consumers seeking sustainable food alternatives.

Systematic patterns of deviation from norm or rationality in judgment, leading to illogical inferences about people and situations. These biases often arise from the brain's attempt to simplify information processing, resulting in errors such as confirmation bias, anchoring bias, and availability heuristic. Cognitive biases affect decision-making in personal life, business, and public policy, and understanding them can help mitigate their impact.

Metric used to measure the similarity between two vectors by calculating the cosine of the angle between them. Commonly utilized in text analysis, it ranges from -1 to 1, where 1 indicates identical vectors, 0 indicates no similarity, and -1 indicates completely opposite vectors. This metric is particularly beneficial for applications in natural language processing and information retrieval.

DNA storage technology involves encoding and decoding binary data to and from synthesized strands of DNA. It offers enormous potential due to its high storage density, allowing vast amounts of data to be stored in a very small physical space. However, its practical use is currently limited by high costs and very slow read and write times.

Planar structures that function as two-dimensional versions of metamaterials. They can locally modify the phase, amplitude, and polarization of light in both transmission and reflection, enabling the creation of patterned flat optical components with precise functionalities. Metasurfaces are primarily used in advanced optical applications, benefiting researchers and engineers in fields such as photonics and telecommunications.

Resource depletion refers to the exhaustion of natural resources due to overconsumption, overpopulation, and poor management. It affects both non-renewable resources like fossil fuels and minerals, as well as renewable resources such as forests and freshwater when consumed faster than they can regenerate. This issue primarily impacts industries reliant on natural resources, environmental conservation efforts, and communities dependent on these resources for their livelihoods.