Science Trends

A naturally occurring mineral form of calcium apatite with the formula Ca₅(PO₄)₃(OH). It is the main inorganic component of tooth enamel and bone, widely used in medical and dental applications such as bone grafts and dental implants due to its biocompatibility and similarity to human hard tissues. Hydroxyapatite is particularly beneficial for medical professionals and patients requiring bone and dental restoration.

Short chains of amino acid monomers linked by peptide bonds, typically containing 2 to 50 amino acids. Peptides play crucial roles in biological functions, including acting as hormones, enzymes, and signaling molecules, and are used in various medical and cosmetic applications. They are particularly valuable for researchers, medical professionals, and the cosmetic industry for their diverse functional properties.

Seeds specifically adapted to the local climate and soil conditions of a particular region. These seeds are often heirloom or native varieties that have been cultivated over time to thrive in specific environmental conditions, offering resilience and good yields. Local seeds are ideal for gardeners and farmers seeking plants well-suited to their region, supporting biodiversity, and promoting sustainable agricultural practices.

Methylene blue is a chemical compound used as a dye, medication, and diagnostic agent in various scientific and medical applications. It is valued for its ability to act as a staining agent in microscopy, a treatment for methemoglobinemia, and an antioxidant in research settings, distinguishing itself through its versatility and broad utility. Methylene blue is primarily targeted at medical professionals, researchers, and laboratory technicians who require reliable diagnostic or therapeutic solutions.

Technology developed by Google to enhance its search engine's results with semantic-search information gathered from a wide variety of sources. It is designed to understand the relationships between different pieces of information, providing users with more relevant and comprehensive search results. The Knowledge Graph primarily benefits users seeking more accurate and context-aware search results.

The Successor function in mathematics maps a natural number to its immediate next number. It is denoted by S, where S(n) = n + 1, and is fundamental in the construction of natural numbers in formal systems. This function is primarily used in mathematical logic and number theory, benefiting mathematicians and computer scientists working with formal proofs and algorithms.

Photographic printing process that produces a cyan-blue print. Discovered by Sir John Herschel in 1842, it involves coating a surface with a solution of iron compounds, exposing it to UV light, and then washing it in water to develop the final image. This process is popular among artists and photographers for creating unique, monochromatic prints.

High-throughput technology used to study protein interactions, activities, and functions on a large scale. Protein chips enable researchers to track the interactions and activities of proteins, which is crucial for understanding various biological processes and disease mechanisms. This technology is primarily utilized by researchers and scientists in the fields of molecular biology, biochemistry, and medical research.

Startups and companies founded on scientific discoveries or engineering innovations. These technologies often require significant research and development and have the potential to create substantial societal impact, encompassing fields such as artificial intelligence, biotechnology, quantum computing, and advanced materials. Deep tech primarily targets industries and sectors looking to solve complex problems and create new markets through groundbreaking advancements.

Educational platform that focuses on IT education, offering real-time learning experiences and courses. Study_it provides a variety of courses aimed at helping individuals pursue careers in emerging technologies, differentiating itself with interactive and practical learning modules. The platform primarily targets students, professionals, and career changers interested in gaining skills in the IT sector.

Chronic, low-grade inflammation that often occurs with aging. This type of inflammation is believed to contribute to the aging process and the development of age-related diseases such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and neurodegenerative disorders. Inflammaging primarily affects older adults and individuals at risk for age-related health conditions.

Living Building Material (LBM) refers to materials used in construction or industrial design that exhibit properties similar to living organisms. These materials are entirely natural and sustainable, with examples like mycelium-based composites that act as insulators, are fireproof, nontoxic, water-resistant, and rapidly growing. LBMs are highly beneficial for sustainable building practices and innovative architectural designs, appealing to architects, builders, and environmental advocates focused on eco-friendly construction solutions.

A practice aimed at reducing exposure to stimuli that trigger dopamine release, such as social media, music, and gaming. The goal is to reset the brain's reward system by temporarily abstaining from these activities, thereby improving focus and mental clarity. This method is often adopted by individuals seeking to manage addictive behaviors and enhance their cognitive function.

Refers to an intermediate state, phase, or condition that is in-between or transitional. It is often used to describe uncertain transitions, such as liminal spaces, which are the in-between phases where one is on the verge of something new but not quite there yet. The term originates from the Latin word 'limen,' meaning threshold.

Energy storage involves capturing energy produced at one time for use at a later time, playing a crucial role in balancing supply and demand, integrating renewable energy sources, and improving the reliability and efficiency of the power grid. Key technologies in this field include batteries, pumped hydro storage, compressed air energy storage, flywheels, thermal energy storage, and hydrogen storage, each offering unique benefits and applications. Energy storage solutions are particularly valuable for utility companies, renewable energy providers, and industries seeking to enhance energy efficiency and grid stability.

Concept that describes how small, consistent efforts can build momentum over time, leading to significant results. It is often used in business and organizational contexts to illustrate how sustained effort and incremental improvements can lead to exponential growth and success, as popularized by Jim Collins in his book 'Good to Great.' This concept is particularly relevant for businesses and organizations aiming for long-term success through persistent and consistent efforts.

A naturally occurring compound, Citicoline is essential for the synthesis of phosphatidylcholine, a major component of cell membranes. It is often used as a dietary supplement to support cognitive function, enhance memory, and aid in stroke recovery due to its neuroprotective properties. Citicoline is primarily targeted at individuals seeking to improve brain health and cognitive performance, including those with cognitive impairments or neurodegenerative diseases.

Problem-solving process that involves breaking down complex problems into manageable parts, identifying patterns, abstracting general principles, and developing step-by-step solutions or algorithms. Computational thinking is essential in computer science but also valuable in fields such as mathematics, engineering, and science, as it promotes logical reasoning and systematic problem-solving. This approach benefits students, educators, and professionals who seek to enhance their analytical skills and tackle complex challenges efficiently.

Company that offers an embedded integration platform as a service (iPaaS) designed to accelerate the development and deployment of product integrations for B2B SaaS teams. Prismatic's platform enables teams to launch integrations up to eight times faster by providing a comprehensive suite of tools and features tailored for seamless integration processes. The primary users of Prismatic are B2B SaaS companies looking to enhance their product offerings with efficient and scalable integration capabilities.

Alkaline water electrolysis (AWE) is a technology used for large-scale hydrogen production, primarily in the chlor-alkali industry. It operates at temperatures between 50–80 °C and pressures up to 30 bar, utilizing an alkaline electrolyte to facilitate the electrolysis process. This technology is beneficial for industries requiring substantial hydrogen production, such as chemical manufacturing and energy sectors.

Inverse Reinforcement Learning (IRL) is a machine learning technique aimed at inferring the reward function that an agent is optimizing based on its observed behavior. Unlike traditional reinforcement learning, where the reward function is known and the goal is to learn the optimal policy, IRL focuses on understanding the underlying motivations or objectives driving the observed actions. This method is particularly useful in fields such as robotics, autonomous driving, and human-computer interaction, where it helps in designing systems that can replicate expert behavior.

Kili Technology is a data labeling platform designed to assist data scientists and engineers in efficiently annotating large datasets for machine learning model training. The platform supports various data types, including text, images, videos, and documents, and offers tools such as AI-assisted labeling, quality management features, and seamless integration capabilities to streamline the annotation process. Kili Technology primarily serves businesses and organizations across diverse industries, including healthcare, finance, and retail, aiming to enhance the accuracy and efficiency of their AI applications

Planar structures that function as two-dimensional versions of metamaterials. They can locally modify the phase, amplitude, and polarization of light in both transmission and reflection, enabling the creation of patterned flat optical components with precise functionalities. Metasurfaces are primarily used in advanced optical applications, benefiting researchers and engineers in fields such as photonics and telecommunications.

Biotechnology company specializing in the discovery, development, and commercialization of medicines for rare, autoimmune, and severe inflammatory diseases. Horizon Therapeutics differentiates itself by focusing on innovative treatments that address unmet medical needs, thereby improving the quality of life for patients with challenging conditions. The company's primary target demographic includes patients suffering from rare and severe diseases, as well as healthcare providers seeking advanced therapeutic options.

The process of identifying, assessing, and prioritizing risks related to climate change, followed by implementing strategies to mitigate or adapt to these risks. It includes activities such as risk assessment, adaptation and mitigation strategies, policy formulation, stakeholder engagement, and continuous monitoring and evaluation. This approach is crucial for building resilience against climate change impacts and ensuring sustainable development.

Early is Good Inc. is a healthcare company based in Indianapolis, IN, focused on developing advanced diagnostic solutions. The company collaborates with the Mayo Clinic to create a comprehensive liquid biopsy test aimed at men with advanced medical conditions, providing early and accurate detection. This initiative primarily benefits men with serious health issues who require precise and early diagnosis for better treatment outcomes.

Biotechnology company founded in 2010, headquartered in San Francisco, CA, specializing in genetic information. Invitae aims to integrate comprehensive genetic data into mainstream medicine to enhance healthcare outcomes, differentiating itself through acquisitions like Good Start Genetics, CombiMatrix, and ArcherDX. The company primarily serves healthcare providers, patients, and researchers seeking advanced genetic testing and information services.

eBird is a platform that allows bird enthusiasts to record and share their bird sightings, transforming these observations into valuable data for science and conservation. It offers features such as trip planning, bird tracking, and exploration of range maps and migration patterns, differentiating itself by providing a comprehensive database that is securely stored and freely accessible. eBird primarily benefits bird watchers, researchers, and conservationists who utilize the data for various scientific and conservation purposes.

Field that involves the hypothetical reconstruction of the evolutionary history of life, often creating imaginative scenarios about how life forms might evolve under different environmental conditions. It blends science and creative storytelling to explore the possibilities of life's adaptability and diversity, providing a unique perspective on evolutionary biology. Speculative evolution primarily appeals to scientists, educators, and enthusiasts interested in evolutionary theory, creative writing, and science fiction.

Educational tools designed to provide hands-on activities and experiments in the fields of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics. These kits help develop critical thinking, creativity, and problem-solving skills, making them valuable for both classroom and home learning environments. STEM kits are primarily targeted at children and students, aiming to foster an early interest in STEM subjects and enhance their practical understanding of these disciplines.